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- ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- This software is freely distributable. copied or uploaded to communications
- services so long as this notice remains at the top of this file. This
- software may not be included in whole or in part into any commercial
- package without the express written consent of Cyberdyne Systems, Inc.
- It may, however, be included in the public domain software or freely
- distributed software so long as the proper credit for the software is
- given. This software is provided as is without any guarantees or warranty.
- Although Cyberdyne Systems Inc. has attempted to find and correct any
- bugs in this software, Cyberdyne Systems Inc. is not responsible for any
- damage caused by the use of the software also. Cyberdyne Systems Inc. is
- under no obligation to provide service, corrections, or upgrades to this
- package.
- Despite all the legal stuff above, if you do find bugs, I would like to
- hear about them. Also, if you have any comments or questions, you may
- contact me at the following Number: 1-800-594-5454 and ask for
- Andy Dollins.
- ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
- Picaso Version 1.0
- for
- Microsoft Windows 3.1
- What is Picaso:
- Picaso is a ray tracer, a ray tracer can generate photo
- quality images. How does a ray tracer work you might ask? It
- literally traces light rays from light source objects and follows
- them to see what they hit in the 3-Dimensional universe. If it hits
- a object it creates another light ray, and sees what that ray hits
- and so on....
-
- How to Install Picaso:
- 1: Create a directory for picaso (i.e. md c:\picaso).
- 2: If the files are compressed, uncompress them into the
- directory you created for picaso.
- 3: Check to see if the following files are present.
- *PSAMPLE.EXE Windows executable.
- *BWCC.DLL Borland custom controls DLL.
- COMCLR.SRF Common color surface file
- PICASO.DLT Defaults file.
- FILEHELP.TXT File dialog help file.
- LHELP.TXT Light dialog help file.
- OHELP.TXT Options dialog help file.
- PHELP.TXT Plane dialog help file.
- PICHELP.TXT Picaso help file.
- SHELP.TXT Sphere dialog help file.
- SRFHELP.TXT Surface dialog help file.
- VHELP.TXT View port dialog help file.
- ROMAN.DIS A sample of a picaso version
- 2.0 display file
- NOTE: if the files with the astrics in front of them are
- missing picaso will not run.
-
- 4: If your not in windows then run windows.
- 5: Run file manager goto the file|New select the program group
- radio button, and press enter of click on the OK button.
- 6: In the discription type Picaso Sample then press the TAB key.
- 7: In the group file field type PICASO.GRP and press enter or
- the OK button.
- 8: With the Picaso Sample group selected (The Title bar will be highlighted.)
- goto file|new again.
- 9: This time select program item, and press enter or press the OK
- button.
- 10: In the discription field type Picaso Sample, and press the
- TAB key.
- 11: In the command line field type the path to psample.exe, then
- press the TAB key.
- 12: If you would like a short cut key press the key combination.
- 13: If you would like to select a different icon press the
- Change Icon button.
- 14: Press enter or the OK Button.
- 15: For those people out there that don't have there 256 color
- windows video driver installed, you must install it now.
- Please refer to your video card instructions to install the
- driver. Install the maximum amount of colors you video card and
- driver can provide. This program is a color hog. NOTE: You can
- run picaso with 16 colors, The images will look terrible. Also
- the programs splash screens and about boxes will look off
- colored. also the icons will not look right to.
- 16: Picaso is ready to run.
-
- The Main Window: The main window doesn't do very much it's only function is to open
- all of the other windows of picaso. The menu commands are
- listed below with a description of what they do.
- File:
- New Scene: This command creates a new scene edit window and a new
- scene.
- Exit: Exits the program.
- View:
- Image: Creates a new image viewer window. These windows are
- used to view bitmaps and display files.
- Help:
- Picaso Help: Opens up this help file in notepad.
- About: Shows the about picaso dialog (Must See this about dialog it
- could qualify for the best about dialog box award if there
- was one.)
-
- Image Viewer: This window is where you can view images that have already
- been traced, or any other Windows or OS2/2.0 presentation
- manager bitmap files. The menu commands are listed below.
- If the file has more colors (except 16 color windows users,
- and those users with more than 256 colors) then windows
- is capable of displaying at one time. It will automatically
- quantinize the image if the Auto Quantinize option is enabled
- (See the options Dialog box help file for more details).
- File:
- New Scene: Same as the main window's new scene command.
- Open: Open a different image file for this window.
- SaveAs: Save the image as a different name or type. The only types
- supported now are BMP files. In 2.0 PCX, TGA, BMP, and
- GIF file formats are supported.
- Exit: Same as the main window's exit command.
- Edit:
- Copy: Copy the image to the clipboard.
- View:
- Image: Same as the main window's view image command.
- Quantinize: This will quantinize the image if it has more than
- 256 colors. NOTE this command takes some time to
- execute.
-
- Window: You are probably already familiar with these menu command
- therefore they are not explained here.
-
- Help: Same as the main window's help menu.
-
- Edit Window: This is where you will spend most of the time in picaso.
- I will list the menu commands below.
- File:
- New Scene: The same command as the main window's new scene command.
- Save Trace: Saves the trace in the bit map file format.
- Save Trace as: Saves the trace with a different name.
- Exit: Exits picaso.
- Edit:
- Copy: This command copies the traced image to the clipboard.
- Edit Selected Object: This command will edit the highlighted
- object.
- Delete Selected Object: This command will delete the highlighted
- object.
- View Port: This will open up the view port dialog.
- Options: This will open up the options dialog.
- View:
- Trace: This will start ray tracing the scene.
- Image: This will open up a image viewer window.
- Quantinized Image: This will quantinize the traced image. The
- trace viewer must be open for this command to
- work.
- Add Object:
- Sphere: Adds a sphere to the scene.
- Plane: Adds a plane to the scene.
- Light: Adds a light source to the scene.
- Trace:
- Pause Trace: Pauses the ray tracer if it is tracing.
- Resume Trace: Resumes tracing if the ray tracer was paused.
- Window: Self explanatory.
- Help: Same as the rest of the windows help menu.
-
- Program Operation: This section explains hoe to create a scene a trace it.
-
-
- To create an image you must first open up a edit window. Now we are ready
- to start adding objects. Let's create a scene with a silver sphere in the
- middle. Goto the menu Add Object now highlight the Sphere menu item. Now you
- will see a Sphere dialog this is how you describe to the ray tracer how big
- of a sphere you want and where to put it. Lets make this sphere radius 30
- units (Radius is the distance from the center of the sphere to the outer
- edge of the sphere). The sphere is already in the center of the universe
- by default. X location, Y location, and Z location all equal zero which is
- the center of the universe. Now you can press the OK button or press enter.
- Now the Surface Attributes dialog box will now appear. You will probably
- be baffled by it at first, but I have provided a simple way of setting the
- surface attributes. Find the surface list, this is a list of predefined
- surfaces. Now find Silver in the list and double click on it. Now you have
- a silver sphere press the OK or enter button. Now lets add a floor to the
- scene. To do this add a plane we will put it right under the sphere so in
- the distance from the center type 30. Now tab over to Y surface normal and
- type -1. Press OK or enter. Now select the White surface, and press OK.
- To light up the scene we will have to add a light. Goto the Add Object menu
- and select the Light menu item. Now lets put the light above and in front
- of the sphere. To do this tab over to the Y Location and type 100. Now tab
- over to the Z Location and type -100, and press enter. Now the Surface
- Attributes dialog will open. Lights don't have a surface but they emit
- light of a certain color. Select white from the Surface list and press
- enter. OK we are now ready to ray trace the scene. This operation can take
- some time even on a fast machine. To trace the scene select the View menu,
- and highlight the Trace menu item. (NOTE: If you have only 256 colors the
- image on the screen will look pretty lame until the raytracer is finished
- and quantinizes the image. If it doesn't auto quantinize in the View menu
- select the Quantinize Image menu item. Quantinizing is a slow process the
- quantinizer must select the most important colors of the image, there can
- be up to 16,000,000 different colors in a scene. If you had to hand pick
- the colors it would take you nearly an eternity.) Now that you have this
- image what can you do with it. You can save it and show it off to all your
- friends, and give them a copy of the software. Or you can copy it to the
- clipboard and paste it into an image you made with your favorite drawing
- program. Unfortunately there is no economical printer that can print an
- image with this many colors. So I omitted the print functions in this
- program. However you can copy it to the clipboard and paste it into a
- program that can print to get a print out of the picture you have just
- traced.
-
- Common Questions and Answers:
-
- Question: How come all I see is black?
- Answer: There could be a couple of reasons for this. First there is a light
- but it's in a location that will not illuminate anything in your
- view. To remidy this you should put the light at -100 Z and 100 X
- if you haven't modified the viewport. Second you have no objects
- within your view.
-
- Question: How do I get a different view of a scene?
- Answer: To achieve a different view you must move the location of the view
- port. Make sure you leave the Calculate LookAt check box checked
- or you will get undesired results.
-
- Question: How do I speed up tracing?
- Answer: There are three ways of doing this. In the options dialog box you
- can turn off certain calculations. The calculation that takes the
- most time is Reflections, if you turn of that option the ray tracer
- will operate up to 5x faster. The second way is to reduce the bitmap
- size to 100 x 100 and get the scene exactly the way you
- want it and then trace it at the size you like it. The third way is
- to change the multi tasking times. Increase the Time spent tracing
- and decrease the Rest Time this could really speed things up. NOTE:
- it is posible to almost halt windows execution completly try to
- always give windows a rest time of 10 milli seconds.
-
- Question: Why doesn't Picaso auto quantinze my images?
- Answer: There could be two reasons why. If you have more than 256 colors
- picaso will not auto quantinze even if you have the option checked
- in the options dialog. Second you have 256 colors and the auto
- quantinize option is not checked in the Options dialog so check it.
-
- Question: How come there are only two shapes in this program?
- Answer: If put more shapes in then you wouldn't buy the commercial version.
-
- Question: What language was this program written in?
- Answer: C++, I used Borland's Turbo C++ visual for Windows. I've written
- some Windows programs with Microsoft's SDK C/C++ 7.0, but it sucks
- compared to borlands Visual products.
-
- Question: I want to learn more about ray tracing what do you recommend?
- Answer: Craig Lindley's Practical Ray Tracing in C is on the top of my
- list, A GOOD READ!! This program has a lot of similarity's to
- Craig's sample program he gives in the book but I ported it to
- C++ (Much Much Cleaner Code), and written a Windows interface
- for it.
-
- Question: How many lines of code is this program?
- Answer: About 5,500 lines with 89 files.
-
- Question: How come there isn't more help.
- Answer: I didn't want to take the fun out of experimenting with the program. Try anything,
- and everything that comes to mind.
-
- Question: How come I can't find the commercial version in any of the
- software stores?
- Answer: It will be awhile until I can get it distributed.
- If you want call the number on the splash screen, and I will be
- able to give you more information, about the commercial release.
- Just ask for Andy.
-
- Terminology:
- Ray Tracer: A algorithm that traces rays of light through a scene to see
- what it hits, and if any light is present at that point in
- space.
- Quantinize: To find the most important colors that make up an image.
-
-